1.The focus of construction
(1) Development ideas. Guided by the pain points and plugging points after the production of facility agriculture, and focusing on the construction and improvement of cold chain logistics facilities for storage and preservation of production areas and green drying facilities for grain loss, we will accelerate the planning and implementation of a number of key projects, comprehensively make up for the shortcomings of supporting facilities and equipment in the facility agricultural industry chain, effectively reduce the postpartum loss and circulation waste of grain and “vegetable basket” products, and provide strong support for the construction of a new pattern of dual circulation.
(2) Objectives and tasks. By 2025, we will focus on the construction of 35,000 storage and preservation facilities and 250 cold-chain collection and distribution centers in the production areas, and achieve a storage capacity of more than 10 million tons of cold chain logistics facilities in the new production areas.
By 2030, a total of 60,000 storage and preservation facilities and 500 cold chain collection and distribution centers in the production area will be built, and a number of old grain drying centers (points) will continue to be transformed and upgraded, driving the cumulative storage capacity of more than 44 million tons of cold chain logistics facilities in the country, and the post-production loss rate of fresh agricultural products will be significantly reduced.
2.The focus of construction
2.1 Construct and upgrade storage and preservation facilities in the production area
1.1. Construction goals. In key towns and central villages, in accordance with the requirements of economic applicability, moderate scale, energy conservation and environmental protection, 60,000 storage and preservation facilities in the production area will be laid out and constructed, and the storage and preservation capacity of the new production area will be about 21 million tons, so as to realize the selective sales of fresh agricultural products, reduce losses and increase efficiency.
3. Construction layout. It is mainly located in the advantageous production areas of facility agriculture, including 5,900 storage and preservation facilities in the northeast region, 25,000 in the Huanghuaihai region, 7,700 in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, 7,000 in the southwest region, 7,400 in the northwest region, and 7,000 in South China.
2. Key construction tasks. Focusing on the shortcomings of the “first kilometer” cold chain logistics facilities in the production areas of agricultural products, we should build a number of small-scale and mobile storage facilities with functions such as fresh-keeping and pre-cooling in the field in combination with the actual needs.
— Pre-cooling and cooling facilities and equipment. Construct pre-cooling facilities and equipment for fruits and vegetables such as forced ventilation pre-cooling, differential pressure pre-cooling and vacuum pre-cooling to reduce field heat and respiratory heat, and build pre-cooling storage, ice water pre-cooling machine and other meat cooling facilities and equipment to reduce the temperature of livestock and poultry carcasses.
– Freezing facilities and equipment. Build a quick-freezing warehouse and configure quick-freezing equipment to quickly reduce the core temperature of the product to -18 °C or below to maintain the nutritional quality of agricultural products.
– Mechanical cold storage. Adopt civil or prefabricated building structure, equipped with mechanical refrigeration equipment, build high-temperature cold storage, low-temperature cold storage, enhance storage capacity, and improve the quality of agricultural product supply.
– Modified atmosphere cold storage. Construct a controlled atmosphere refrigerator that regulates and controls temperature, humidity, oxygen, carbon dioxide, ethylene and other gases, and configures relevant modified atmosphere equipment to achieve accurate and effective control of temperature, humidity and gas composition.
– Other supporting facilities and equipment. Construct commercial processing facilities, equipped with necessary equipment for weighing, cleaning, grading, slitting, transportation, testing, power supply and distribution, etc., to improve the commercial processing capacity of agricultural products.
2.The focus of construction
2.2The construction of the origin of the cold chain collection and distribution center
1. Construction goals. In the important circulation nodes of the county, in accordance with the requirements of outstanding location advantages and service function convergence, 500 cold chain collection and distribution centers in the production area will be laid out and built to enhance the comprehensive service capacity of cold chain logistics in the production area.
3. Construction layout. It is mainly located in the county-level important logistics nodes in the advantageous production areas of facility agriculture, including 50 cold chain collection and distribution centers in the northeast region, 180 in the Huanghuaihai region, 80 in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, 60 in the southwest region, 50 in the northwest region, and 80 in the south China.
At the same time, strengthen coordination and cooperation with relevant departments to improve the efficiency of cross-regional circulation as the goal, and actively promote the construction of agricultural products backbone cold chain logistics base with the ability to lead the industry, radiate urban and rural areas and facilities for emergency supply of agricultural products, form a key hub linking urban and rural agricultural product circulation, and help the large-scale, channelized and networked operation of cold chain logistics in the production area.
2. Key construction tasks. Build a number of cold chain collection and distribution centers integrating collection, pre-cooling, sorting, processing, refrigeration, delivery, testing, storage, information and other functions to improve the efficiency of post-production distribution and commercialization of agricultural products.
——The main body relies on the cold chain collection and distribution center of the origin. Mainly relying on agricultural socialized service organizations, leading enterprises, state-owned farms, circulation enterprises and other entities, focusing on strengthening the service capabilities of warehousing and preservation, distribution and commercialization, etc., and building a cold-chain collection and distribution center with a moderate scale.
——The cold chain collection and distribution center of the park relies on the origin. Mainly relying on modern agricultural industrial parks, processing and logistics parks, e-commerce incubation parks and other production areas and agricultural modernization demonstration areas, focusing on the transformation of public cold storage facilities, improving the functions of digital production warehouses and other facilities, expanding the content of cold chain logistics services in the park, and building a cold chain collection and distribution center with platform functions.
——Channel-based cold chain collection and distribution center of origin. Mainly relying on supply and marketing cooperatives, postal express, fresh e-commerce and other channels, give full play to the advantages of scale, operation, brand, technology, network, etc., and jointly build and share a number of cold chain collection and distribution centers in the production area.
2.The focus of construction
2.3Implement the project to upgrade green drying facilities for grain loss
1. Construction goals. Promote the construction of drying capacity in grain producing areas, comprehensively make up for the shortcomings of drying facilities and equipment in grain producing areas, and continue to promote the upgrading of old drying facilities and equipment, intelligent upgrading, clean energy transformation, etc., the drying capacity of national grain producing areas has reached 65%, and the drying capacity basically meets the drying needs of national grain producing areas.
2. Key construction tasks. Combined with the actual situation, all localities should build a drying system for grain producing areas that combines drying points and drying centers. The drying point mainly completes a single drying operation, and the drying center should have a certain storage capacity in addition to the drying operation.
— Build a standardized grain drying center (point). The construction of drying points includes grain dryers and supporting cleaning machines, belt conveyors, hoists, dust removal systems and drying plant rooms, etc., mainly with southern rice as the drying object, equipped with a single set of circulating dryers with a batch processing capacity of less than 50 tons. The construction content of the drying center includes grain dryer and supporting cleaning machine, pre-drying warehouse, post-drying warehouse, belt conveyor, hoist, dust removal system, storage facilities and drying plant room, etc., among which, equipped with a combined circulating dryer, the batch processing capacity should be more than 50 tons, and equipped with a continuous dryer, the daily processing capacity should be more than 100 tons.
——Strengthen the promotion and application of energy-saving, high-efficiency and low-carbon drying facilities and equipment. Accelerate the upgrading and transformation of existing grain dryers for environmental protection and energy saving, adopt heat pumps, electric heating, biomass fuels, natural gas and solar energy and other heat sources according to local conditions, develop and innovate the use of natural air and solar energy to develop new grain drying and storage integration technology, reduce the cost of drying operations, and improve the utilization rate of equipment and the value-added capacity of grain storage. Accelerate the R&D, promotion and application of environmentally friendly cleaning, conveying, dust removal equipment and multi-functional grain measurement and control devices supporting drying and storage facilities and equipment, and promote the green development of grain drying and storage adaptation technology.
— Select suitable grain drying facilities by variety, region and scale. Northeast China: The drying center is the main center, and the drying center in corn and soybean producing areas is laid out according to three scales of 10,000 mu, 20,000 mu and more than 50,000 mu, and the drying center in rice producing areas is laid out according to the service area of 5,000 to 8,000 mu. Corn, wheat and soybean focus on the promotion of continuous dryers, rice with continuous dryers as the mainstay, supplemented by circulating dryers, moderate development of integrated drying and storage grain silos. Huanghuaihai area: corn, wheat and soybean production areas are mainly drying centers, according to the service area of 2000 to 3000 mu, more than 5000 mu of two scales, rice and wheat drying points according to the service area of 300 to 500 mu, drying center according to the service area of 600 to 1000 mu and more than 2000 mu of two scales. Corn, wheat and soybean are mainly continuous dryers, supplemented by circulating dryers, and the integrated drying and storage silos are moderately developed, and the wheat and rice rotation areas focus on the development of circulating dryers. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River: the drying point is laid out according to the service area of 300 to 500 acres, and the drying center is laid out according to the service area of 1500 to 2000 mu and more than 5000 mu. Rice and wheat focus on the development of circulating dryers. Southwest China: The drying point is laid out according to the service area of 100 to 200 acres and 300 to 500 acres, and the drying center is laid out according to the service area of more than 1,000 acres. Rice focuses on the development of circulating dryers; wheat and corn are mainly developed with circulating dryers, supplemented by continuous dryers; and small circulating dryers and multi-functional box dryers are developed in hilly and mountainous areas. Northwest China: Mainly drying center, according to the service area of 2000 to 3000 acres and more than 5000 acres of two scale layout. Wheat and corn are mainly continuous dryers, and the development of integrated drying and storage silos is encouraged. South China: The drying point is laid out according to the service area of 300 to 500 acres, and the drying center is laid out according to the service area of 1500 to 2000 acres and more than 5000 acres. Rice focuses on the development of circulating dryers, and the development of small circulating dryers and multi-functional box dryers in hilly and mountainous areas.
In view of the short storage time of grain producing areas, the storage in the northern region is mainly steel silos, supplemented by simple room-type silos, and in the southern region, room-type silos are mainly used and supplemented by steel silos.
3.Safeguard measures
(1) Increase investment guarantees. Make good use of existing support policies and strengthen the capacity building of grain drying. According to the regulations, according to the procedures, the complete sets of grain drying facilities and equipment will be included in the pilot scope of subsidies for new agricultural machinery products to improve the drying capacity. Expand investment and financing channels for the construction of cold chain logistics and drying facilities, encourage banking financial institutions and other institutions to increase financing support for eligible enterprises, and improve supporting financial services. According to the regulations, the new agricultural business entities will be provided with credit guarantee support for investment in the construction of cold chain logistics and drying facilities.
(2) Improve supporting policies. On the basis of strict implementation of the three control lines of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland, ecological protection red line, and urban development boundary, we will make overall plans to connect the layout and construction of drying and cold chain logistics facilities with relevant planning such as land space to ensure the demand for rational land use. If the cold storage and storage land of logistics enterprises meets the requirements, they shall enjoy the preferential policies of urban land use tax according to the regulations. Strictly implement the “green channel” policy for the transportation of fresh agricultural products. Improve the environmental protection assessment of drying centers (points), and allow them to use clean coal, biomass and other solid fuels in emergency disaster drying operations.
(3) Strengthen project management. Formulate management measures for the construction of storage and drying facilities for agricultural products, strictly standardize project management, and improve the efficiency of the use of financial funds. Strictly implement relevant construction standards and specifications to ensure the quality of project construction. Strengthen the management and protection of cold chain logistics and drying facilities in the production area, encourage all kinds of market entities to carry out socialized management and protection services of cold chain logistics and drying, and explore property-based “management” and industrialized “use”. Carry out scientific evaluation of project construction and operation in a timely manner, and find and solve existing problems in a timely manner.